A group of scientists has written to the Prime Minister of India expressing their concerns about the recent release of genetically modified (GM) rice varieties. These new varieties were developed using CRISPR-Cas9 technology. The scientists believe this technology could lead to intellectual property rights (IPR) issues. They fear these problems might prevent farmers from getting the full benefits of the improved rice. The Indian government has stated that all IPR matters related to gene editing are being thoroughly checked. A committee has also been formed to look into these issues. The government assures that necessary licenses for gene editing will be obtained, and farmers will not face any extra costs. The letter, signed by about 20 former and current scientists, including Sharad Nimbalkar, former Vice-Chancellor of Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth in Akola, highlights potential risks. While acknowledging CRISPR-Cas9 as an advanced technology, the scientists warned that it can sometimes go wrong. They also worry that widespread use of GM rice could contaminate India’s native rice germplasm. The scientists pointed out that IPR-related problems with GM rice could make Indian farmers dependent on foreign seed technology. They also stated that the new rice varieties were approved without complete evaluation. The letter has also been sent to the Union Ministers for Agriculture, Environment, Health, and Science and Technology. Last month, the government released two new GM rice varieties. These are claimed to increase yield by up to 30% per hectare. They are also said to mature 15-20 days earlier than existing varieties. These new rice varieties, named Kamala-DRR Dhan-100 and Pusa DST Rice-1, are also expected to use less water. This could also lead to a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. However, the scientists’ letter raises important questions about the long-term implications for India’s rich rice heritage and the potential impact on farmers.